Step 6 of 7
Whole lines with getline
std::cin >> word reads a single word and stops at whitespace, so a line like rush b would arrive in two pieces. To read an entire line, spaces included, use std::getline:
std::string line;
std::getline(std::cin, line);
It reads everything up to the end of the line and removes the newline (unlike C's fgets, which keeps it).
Reading every line
getline returns the stream, and a stream converts to false once reading fails, which happens at the end of the input. So the standard loop is:
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
int main() {
std::string line;
int longest = 0;
int count = 0;
while (std::getline(std::cin, line)) {
count++;
if ((int)line.size() > longest) {
longest = line.size();
}
}
std::cout << count << " lines, longest has " << longest << " chars\n";
}
to be
or not to be
that is the question
3 lines, longest has 20 chars
Mixing >> and getline
A classic trap: after std::cin >> n; reads a number, the newline after it is still waiting in the input. A following getline reads that leftover newline and returns an empty line. The fix is to skip it first, for example with std::cin >> std::ws; (which skips whitespace) before calling getline.
Your task
Read lines until the end of input and print each one prefixed with its line number, like 1: first line. Then print total N.
Challenge 2
Read lines until the end and print the longest line (the first one on a tie) as longest: LINE. With no input at all, print no lines.
Challenge 3
The first line is a number n, followed by n lines of chat. Print the chat lines in reverse order. Careful: std::cin >> n leaves the newline after the number waiting, so the next getline would read an empty line. Skip it first with std::cin >> std::ws.